InterWATER Thesaurus - Descriptors S

Descriptors S

sabaESFR: usenetherlands antilles
cat. Asafe water supplyESFR: The supply of uncontaminated WATER; ufdrinking water supply; BT1water supply; rtdomestic use; rtdrinking water; rtwater pollution
cat. JsahelESFR: rtburkina faso; rtchad; rtgambia; rtmali; rtniger; rtsenegal
cat. Jsaint luciaESFR: BT1caribbean; BT2america
cat. Jsaint vincent and the grenadinesESFR: BT1caribbean; BT2america
cat. A1saline waterESFR: ufsalt water; BT1water; NT1brackish water; NT1seawater; rtdesalination; rtsaline water intrusion; rtsalinity; rtsalts
cat. Fsaline water intrusionESFR: rtsaline water; rtwater pollution
cat. FsalinityESFR: rtbrackish water; rtchlorides; rtconductivity; rtdesalination; rtsaline water; rtsalts
cat. FsalmonellaESFR: BT1enterobacteriaceae; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; BT1pathogenic bacteria; BT2pathogens; NT1salmonella paratyphi; NT1salmonella typhi; NT1salmonella typhimurium; rtsalmonelloses
cat. Fsalmonella paratyphiESFR: BT1salmonella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens; rtparatyphoid fever
cat. Fsalmonella typhiESFR: ufsalmonella typhosa; BT1salmonella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens; rttyphoid fever
cat. Fsalmonella typhimuriumESFR: BT1enterobacteriaceae; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; BT1salmonella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens; rtparatyphoid fever
salmonella typhosaESFR: usesalmonella typhi
cat. FsalmonellosesESFR: BT1bacterial infections; BT1faecal-oral infections; BT2faecal-disposal diseases; BT3infectious diseases; BT4diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; NT1bacterial enteritis; NT2campylobacter enteritis; NT1paratyphoid fever; NT1typhoid fever; rtbacterial diarrhoeas; rtsalmonella
salt removalESFR: usedesalination
salt water: usesaline water
saltmarshes: usemarshes
cat. KsaltsESFR: When possible, use the name of a specific salt; rtchemicals; rtdesalination; rtsaline water; rtsalinity
salvadorESFR: useel salvador
cat. KsalviniaESFR: BT1aquatic plants; BT2aquatic life
cat. JsamoaESFR: BT1oceania
cat. BsamplingESFR: NT1water samples; rtwater quality
cat. KsandESFR: BT1construction materials; BT1filtration media; rtdunes; rtsand filtration; rtsandy soils
cat. E1sand filter trenchesESFR: rtsand filtration; rttrenching
cat. E1sand filtrationESFR: BT1filtration; BT2physical treatment; NT1slow sand filtration; NT2schmutzdecke; rtdeep bed filtration; rtfilter underdrains; rtsand; rtsand filter trenches
cat. Fsandy soilsESFR: BT1soils; rtsand
cat. Esanitary engineeringESFR: BT1environmental engineering; BT2engineering; rtcivil engineering; rtplumbing; rtsanitation; rtsewerage; rtwastewater treatment
cat. Hsanitary inspectorsESFR: ufenvironmental health personnel; BT1health personnel; BT2occupations; rtenvironmental health; rtsanitation
cat. E2sanitary landfillsESFR: ufcontrolled tips; BT1landfills; BT2dumping; BT3off-site disposal; BT4disposal
cat. Isanitary surveysESFR: BT1surveys; BT2information gathering; rtenvironmental health
cat. EsanitationESFR: NT1community blocks; NT1ecological sanitation; NT1excreta collection; NT2cartage; NT2dipper and bucket system; NT2manual removal; NT2mechanical removal; NT1school sanitation; rtdisease control; rtenvironmental health; rtenvironmental sanitation; rtfood preparation; rthealth care; rthealth education; rthygiene; rtmarkets; rtpest control; rtpollution; rtpollution control; rtsanitary engineering; rtsanitary inspectors; rtsanitation charges; rtsewerage; rtslaughterhouses; rtslum upgrading; rtsocial aspects; rtvector control; rtwater supply
cat. Hsanitation chargesESFR: BT1charges; NT1collection charges; NT1sewerage charges; rtsanitation
sanitation education: usehealth education
cat. E2sanplat systemsESFR: BT1pit latrines; BT2latrines; BT3excreta disposal systems
cat. Hsarcoptes scabeiESFR: BT1mites; BT2arachnids; BT3arthropods; BT4vectors; BT5disease transmission; BT3vectors; BT4disease transmission; rtscabies
saturation line: usewater table
cat. Jsaudi arabiaESFR: BT1middle east; BT2asia
savings (cost): usecost savings
cat. KsawdustESFR: BT1filtration media; rtarsenic; rtbiological filtration
cat. FscabiesESFR: BT1skin infections; BT2waterwashed diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; rtsarcoptes scabei
cat. A1scaffold drillingESFR: BT1manual drilling; BT2well drilling; BT3well construction
scale preventionESFR: usesoftening
cat. A2scaling upESFR
cat. Gscattered communitiesESFR: ufdispersed communities; ufhomestead settlements; BT1rural communities; BT2communities; rtvillages
scavengersESFR: usenight soil collectors; usewaste pickers
cat. FschistosomaESFR: ufbilharzia; ufblood fluke; uffluke (blood); BT1trematodes; BT2helminths; BT3pathogens; NT1schistosoma haematobium; NT1schistosoma intercalatum; NT1schistosoma japonicum; NT1schistosoma mansoni; rtschistosomiasis
cat. Fschistosoma haematobiumESFR: BT1schistosoma; BT2trematodes; BT3helminths; BT4pathogens
cat. Fschistosoma intercalatumESFR: BT1schistosoma; BT2trematodes; BT3helminths; BT4pathogens
cat. Fschistosoma japonicumESFR: BT1schistosoma; BT2trematodes; BT3helminths; BT4pathogens; rttaste control
cat. Fschistosoma mansoniESFR: BT1schistosoma; BT2trematodes; BT3helminths; BT4pathogens
cat. HschistosomiasisESFR: ufbilharziasis; BT1faecal-disposal diseases; BT2infectious diseases; BT3diseases; BT2water-related diseases; BT3diseases; BT1helminthic infections; BT2parasitic infections; BT3infectious diseases; BT4diseases; BT2vector-borne diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; BT2water-related diseases; BT3diseases; rtaquatic snails; rtschistosoma
cat. A2schmutzdeckeESFR: BT1slow sand filtration; BT2biological filtration; BT3biological treatment; BT4wastewater treatment; BT2sand filtration; BT3filtration; BT4physical treatment; rtbiological treatment; rtmicrobiological quality
cat. Eschool sanitationESFR: BT1sanitation; rtchild health; rtchild hygiene; rtschools
cat. IschoolsESFR: BT1education; BT2communication; BT1formal education; BT2education; BT3communication; rtschool sanitation
cat. IscienceESFR: NT1information science; NT1social sciences; NT2anthropology; NT3anthropometry; NT2demography; NT2psychology; NT3attitudes; NT4acceptance; NT3behaviour; NT4misuse of facilities; NT4use of facilities; NT4vandalism; NT2sociology
cat. Hscientific personnelESFR: ufscientists; BT1occupations; rttechnical personnel
scientists: usescientific personnel
scirpusFR: usebulrushes
cat. E1screensESFR: ufsieves; ufstrainers; NT1bar screens; NT1well screens; NT2roboscreens; rtstraining
screw pumpsFR: usearchimedian screws
screws (water lifting): usearchimedian screws
sdi: useinformation dissemination
cat. E2sea disposalESFR: ufmarine disposal; ufocean disposal; BT1off-site disposal; BT2disposal
sea water: useseawater
sealing wells: usewell sealing
cat. Gseasonal migrationESFR: ufnomadism; BT1migration; BT2population
seasonal variations: usevariation
cat. FseasonsESFR: NT1dry season; NT1wet season; rtvariation
seats (lavatory): usepedestal seats
cat. A1seawaterESFR: ufmarine water; ufocean water; ufsea water; ufwater (sea); BT1saline water; BT2water; BT1water sources; rtdesalination; rtestuaries; rtsurface waters
cat. FseaweedsESFR: BT1algae; BT2aquatic plants; BT3aquatic life; BT2microorganisms
cat. E1secondary effluentsESFR: BT1effluents; BT1wastewater
cat. E1secondary sludgeESFR: BT1sludge
cat. E1secondary treatmentESFR: BT1wastewater treatment; rtbiological treatment
sector planning: useplanning
sedentarization: usepopulation resettlement
sedges: userushes
cat. E1sedimentationESFR: ufsettling; BT1physical treatment; NT1extended plain sedimentation; rtdesilting; rtdetention tanks; rtflotation; rtgrit removal; rtprimary treatment; rtsedimentation tanks; rtsediments; rtsilting; rtsuspended solids removal; rtturbidity removal
cat. E1sedimentation tanksESFR: ufsettlement tanks; ufsettling basins; BT1tanks; NT1detritus tanks; NT1multibottom settling tanks; NT1plate settlers; NT1tube settlers; rtdesludging; rtimhoff tanks; rtsedimentation; rtseptic tank systems
cat. E1sedimentsESFR: ufdeposits; rtsedimentation
cat. A1seepageESFR: Type of movement of WATER in unsaturated media; contrast with (PERCOLATION), which relates to saturated media; ufleaching; BT1natural recharge; BT2recharge; rtinfiltration; rtinjection wells; rtleaching fields; rtpercolation; rtseepage beds; rtseepage pits
cat. E2seepage bedsESFR: BT1subsurface disposal; BT2on-site disposal; BT3disposal; rtmound systems; rtseepage; rtseptic tank systems
cat. E2seepage pitsESFR: ufabsorption fields; ufsoakaways; uftrenches (absorption); BT1subsurface disposal; BT2on-site disposal; BT3disposal; rtinfiltration; rtmound systems; rtseepage; rtseptic tank systems
selectionES: usedecision making
cat. Gselection criteriaESFR: ufcriteria (selection); rtdecision making
selection of personnelFR: userecruitment
cat. KseleniumESFR: BT1semimetals; BT2chemical elements
cat. E2self-cleansing gradientsESFR: rtsewers
cat. Aself-closing tapsESFR: ufautomatic taps; BT1taps; BT2valves; BT1wastage control devices; NT1push-button taps; NT1spring-loaded taps
cat. Iself-evaluationESFR: BT1evaluation methods; BT2evaluation; rtevaluation
cat. E2self-flushing toiletsESFR: BT1flush toilets; BT2latrines; BT3excreta disposal systems
cat. Hself-help labourESFR: BT1labour; rtcommunity participation; rtfood for work; rtself-sufficiency; rtvolunteers
cat. E1self-purificationESFR: ufnatural purification; rtaeration; rtassimilative capacity; rtwastewater treatment; rtwater pollution
cat. Hself-sufficiencyESFR: Maximal use of LOCAL MATERIALS or expertise; rtcommunity autonomy; rtcommunity participation; rtlocal materials; rtlocal production; rtself-help labour
cat. Jsemi-arid zonesESFR: BT1climatic zones; rtarid zones
cat. KsemimetalsESFR: ufmetalloids; BT1chemical elements; NT1arsenic; NT1boron; NT1selenium; NT1silicon; NT2activated silica; rtmetals
cat. JsenegalESFR: BT1west africa; BT2africa; rtsahel
separators (plate): useplate settlers
septageESFR: useseptic tank effluents
cat. E1septic tank effluentsESFR: ufseptage; BT1effluents; BT1wastewater; rtsubsurface disposal
cat. E2septic tank systemsESFR: BT1excreta disposal systems; NT1mound systems; rtaquaprivies; rtdesludging; rtsedimentation tanks; rtseepage beds; rtseepage pits
septic tiles: usetile drainage
cat. E1sequencing batch reactorsESFR: BT1biological treatment; BT2wastewater treatment
cat. JserbiaESFR: BT1europe
cat. Hservice connection chargesESFR: ufconnection charges; BT1charges; rtcharges; rtservice connections
cat. Dservice connectionsESFR: BT1piped distribution; BT2water distribution; NT1house connections; NT1public standposts; NT1water kiosks; rtservice connection charges
cat. Aservice pipesESFR: ufrising mains; BT1piping systems
cat. A1service reservoirsESFR: ufclear water reservoirs; ufdistribution reservoirs; ufelevated reservoirs; ufwater towers; BT1reservoirs; BT2water storage; rtpiped distribution
cat. E2settled sewerageESFR: BT1sewerage; BT2off-site disposal; BT3disposal; rtsimplified sewerage
settlement (of people): usepopulation resettlement
cat. Gsettlement schemesESFR: Resettlement in new agricultural areas; BT1population resettlement; BT2population
settlement tanksES: usesedimentation tanks
settlements (human)ES: usecommunities
settlers (plate): useplate settlers
settlers (tube): usetube settlers
settlingESFR: usesedimentation
settling basins: usesedimentation tanks
cat. E1sewageESFR: This descriptor should be used only for domestic SEWAGE; otherwise see (WASTEWATER); ufblack water; BT1municipal wastewater; BT2wastewater; rteffluents; rtsewerage; rtsullage; rtwastewater treatment
cat. E1sewage effluentESFR: Partially or completely treated SEWAGE; BT1effluents; BT1wastewater
sewage lagoonsES: useoxidation ponds
sewage sludge: usesludge
sewage treatment: usewastewater treatment
cat. Esewage worksESFR: ufplants (wastewater treatment); ufwastewater treatment plants; ufworks (sewage); BT1treatment plants; BT2equipment; rtwastewater treatment
cat. E2sewerageESFR: ufsewerage systems; BT1off-site disposal; BT2disposal; NT1condominial sewerage; NT1outfalls; NT1settled sewerage; NT1sewers; NT2collecting sewers; NT2gravity sewers; NT2intercepting sewers; NT2vacuum sewers; NT1simplified sewerage; NT2condominial sewerage; rtdrainage; rtexcreta disposal systems; rtinspection chambers; rtmunicipal wastewater; rtpipelines; rtsanitary engineering; rtsanitation; rtsewage; rtsewerage charges; rtwastewater collection
cat. Hsewerage chargesESFR: BT1sanitation charges; BT2charges; rtsewerage
sewerage systems: usesewerage
cat. E2sewersESFR: BT1sewerage; BT2off-site disposal; BT3disposal; NT1collecting sewers; NT1gravity sewers; NT1intercepting sewers; NT1vacuum sewers; rtoutfalls; rtpiping systems; rtself-cleansing gradients; rtstorm drainage
cat. JseychellesESFR: BT1east africa; BT2africa
cat. A1shallow wellsESFR: BT1wells; NT1boreholes; NT1dug wells; NT1tube wells; NT2deep wells; NT3boreholes; rtboreholes; rttube wells; rtwell drilling
shanty townsFR: useslums
sharp-crested weirs: useweirs
sheepESFR: uselivestock
sheep liver fluke: usefasciola hepatica
cat. FshigellaESFR: BT1enterobacteriaceae; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; BT1pathogenic bacteria; BT2pathogens; NT1shigella boydei; NT1shigella dysenteriae; NT1shigella flexneri; NT1shigella sonnei; rtbacterial diarrhoeas; rtshigellosis
cat. Fshigella boydeiESFR: BT1shigella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens
cat. Fshigella dysenteriaeESFR: BT1shigella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens
cat. Fshigella flexneriESFR: BT1shigella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens
cat. Fshigella sonneiESFR: BT1shigella; BT2enterobacteriaceae; BT3bacteria; BT4microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens
cat. FshigellosisESFR: ufbacillary dysentery; ufdysentery (bacillary); BT1bacterial infections; BT1dysentery; BT2diarrhoeal diseases; BT3enteric infections; BT4gastrointestinal diseases; BT5water-related diseases; BT6diseases; BT4infectious diseases; BT5diseases; BT3faecal-oral infections; BT4faecal-disposal diseases; BT5infectious diseases; BT6diseases; BT5water-related diseases; BT6diseases; BT1gastroenteritis; BT2gastrointestinal diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; rtshigella
shores: usecoasts
shortage (water): usewater shortage
shower baths: useshowering
cat. FshoweringESFR: ufshower baths; BT1bathing practices; BT2personal washing; BT3domestic use; BT4water use; BT3personal hygiene; BT4hygiene; BT3washing; BT4domestic use; BT5water use; BT4household hygiene; BT5hygiene
showers (public): usepublic bathing facilities
cat. FshrimpsESFR: ufprawns; BT1crustacea; BT2aquatic animals; BT3aquatic life; BT2arthropods; BT3vectors; BT4disease transmission; NT1brine shrimp
sideriteESFR: useiron carbonate
cat. Jsierra leoneESFR: BT1west africa; BT2africa
sieves: usescreens
silica (activated): useactivated silica
cat. KsiliconESFR: BT1semimetals; BT2chemical elements; NT1activated silica
cat. E1siltingESFR: rtdesilting; rtsedimentation
cat. KsilverESFR: BT1disinfectants; BT2chemicals; BT1heavy metals; BT2pollutants; BT1metals; BT2chemical elements
silver miningESFR: usemining industry
silvicultureESFR: useforestry
cat. E2simplified sewerageESFR: BT1sewerage; BT2off-site disposal; BT3disposal; NT1condominial sewerage; rtsettled sewerage
cat. FsimuliumESFR: ufblackflies; BT1diptera; BT2insects; BT3arthropods; BT4vectors; BT5disease transmission; rtonchocerciasis
cat. JsingaporeESFR: BT1south east asia; BT2asia
sinking (well): usewell construction
siphonapteraFR: usefleas
cat. Jsite conditionsESFR: rtgeographical factors; rtgeology; rthydrogeology; rttopography
cat. Jsite selectionESFR: uflocation; ufsiting; rtgeographical factors
sitingFR: usesite selection
cat. Bsize distributionESFR: rtparticle size
cat. E1size-graded filtrationESFR: BT1filtration; BT2physical treatment; rtmultimedia filtration
cat. IskillsESFR: ufabilities; rtjob description; rtoccupations; rttraining
cat. Fskin infectionsESFR: ufcutaneous infections; BT1waterwashed diseases; BT2water-related diseases; BT3diseases; NT1cutaneous fungal infections; NT2tinea; NT1scabies; NT1skin sepsis; NT1ulcers; NT1yaws; rtfaecal-percutaneous infections
cat. Fskin sepsisESFR: ufbacterial skin sepsis; BT1bacterial infections; BT1skin infections; BT2waterwashed diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; rtspirochaetales
skin ulceration: useulcers
cat. E2slaughterhousesESFR: ufabattoirs; rtanimal excreta; rtsanitation
sleeping sicknessESFR: usetrypanosomiasis
cat. JslovakiaESFR: BT1europe
cat. JsloveniaESFR: BT1europe
cat. E1slow sand filtrationESFR: BT1biological filtration; BT2biological treatment; BT3wastewater treatment; BT1sand filtration; BT2filtration; BT3physical treatment; NT1schmutzdecke; rtpolyurethane; rtrapid filtration
cat. E1sludgeESFR: ufsewage sludge; NT1activated sludge; NT2biosorption process; NT2contact stabilization; NT1digested sludge; NT1humus sludge; NT1primary sludge; NT1raw sludge; NT1secondary sludge; rtsludge treatment; rtsolid wastes; rtwastewater
sludge (activated): useactivated sludge
sludge concentrationFR: usesludge thickening
cat. E1sludge conditioningESFR: ufconditioning (sludge); BT1sludge treatment; NT1chemical conditioning; NT1elutriation; NT1heat treatment; rtconditioners; rtsludge dewatering
cat. E1sludge dewateringESFR: ufdewatering (sludge); BT1sludge treatment; NT1centrifugation; NT1sludge drying beds; NT1vacuum filtration; rtfiltration; rtsludge conditioning
cat. E1sludge digestionESFR: ufdigestion (sludge); BT1sludge treatment; NT1aerobic digestion; NT1anaerobic digestion; rtbiogas production; rtdigested sludge; rtdigestion tanks; rtmethane; rtsludge lagoons
sludge disposal: usedisposal
cat. E1sludge drying bedsESFR: ufdrying beds (sludge); BT1sludge dewatering; BT2sludge treatment
sludge gas: usebiogas
cat. E2sludge incinerationESFR: BT1incineration; BT2solid waste treatment; BT3solid waste recycling; BT4recycling; rtsludge treatment
cat. E1sludge lagoonsESFR: uflagoons (sludge); rtsludge digestion; rtsludge thickening
sludge removal: usedesludging
cat. E1sludge thickeningESFR: ufsludge concentration; BT1sludge treatment; rtsludge lagoons; rtthickening tanks
cat. E1sludge treatmentESFR: NT1sludge conditioning; NT2chemical conditioning; NT2elutriation; NT2heat treatment; NT1sludge dewatering; NT2centrifugation; NT2sludge drying beds; NT2vacuum filtration; NT1sludge digestion; NT2aerobic digestion; NT2anaerobic digestion; NT1sludge thickening; rtactivated sludge; rtsludge; rtsludge incineration; rtwastewater treatment; rtwet air oxidation
cat. E2sludge useESFR: BT1recycling; NT1composting; NT2bangalore method; NT2composting latrines; NT2indore process; rtagriculture; rtsolid waste recycling; rtwastewater recycling
cat. Asluice gatesESFR: rtgate valves
cat. Gslum upgradingESFR: BT1community development; BT2social development; rtenvironmental health; rtsanitation; rtslums
cat. GslumsESFR: ufshanty towns; BT1low-income communities; BT2communities; rtslum upgrading; rtsquatter settlements
cat. Gsmall communitiesESFR: Whenever possible. use a more appropriate descriptor, such as (VILLAGES) or (SCATTERED COMMUNITIES); BT1communities; rtrural communities; rtsmall community supply systems; rtsmall towns; rtvillages
cat. Dsmall community supply systemsESFR: BT1water distribution; rtrural supply systems; rtsmall communities
cat. Gsmall townsESFR: BT1communities; rtsmall communities
cat. Hsmall-scale activitiesESFR: rtanimal power; rtappropriate technology; rtdemonstration projects; rtpilot plants
smell: useodour
smokeless stovesESFR: usecooking stoves
cat. E2smoking-pit latrinesESFR: BT1pit latrines; BT2latrines; BT3excreta disposal systems; rtincinerator toilets
cat. Fsnail controlESFR: ufcontrol of snails; BT1vector control; BT2disease control; rtaquatic snails; rtmolluscicides
snails (aquatic): useaquatic snails
cat. A1snowESFR: BT1atmospheric precipitation; BT2water sources
soakaways: useseepage pits
cat. KsoapESFR: BT1detergents; BT2chemicals; rthousehold hygiene; rtpersonal hygiene
cat. Gsocial aspectsESFR: ufsocioeconomic aspects; ufsociological aspects; NT1adoption; NT1traditions; rtanimists; rtanthropology; rtbuddhists; rtchristians; rtcommunities; rtcommunity participation; rtcultural aspects; rthindus; rtmuslims; rtpeople; rtpopulation; rtpoverty; rtpsychology; rtsanitation; rtsocial change; rtsocial processes; rtsocial sciences; rtsocial structure; rtwillingness to pay
cat. Gsocial changeESFR: ufchanges (cultural); ufchanges (social); ufcultural change; rtacceptance; rtadoption; rtattitudes; rtbehaviour; rtcultural aspects; rtresistance to change; rtsocial aspects; rtsocial development; rtsocial marketing; rtsocial mobilization; rtsocial sciences
cat. Gsocial developmentESFR: ufdevelopment (social); NT1community development; NT2slum upgrading; NT1rural development; rteconomic development; rtliving conditions; rtmillennium development goals; rtsocial change; rtsocial sciences; rturbanization
social impact: usesocioeconomic impact
cat. Isocial marketingESFR: BT1marketing; rtacceptance; rtadoption; rtadvocacy; rtsocial change
cat. Gsocial mobilizationESFR: rtadvocacy; rtawareness raising; rtsocial change; rtsocial structure
social participation: usecommunity participation
cat. Gsocial processesESFR: NT1community autonomy; NT1community participation; NT1consultation; NT1decision making; NT2decision support systems; NT3bayesian networks; NT1planning; NT2gopp; NT2programmes; NT2projects; NT3demonstration projects; NT3methodology; rtpolicies; rtsocial aspects; rtsocial structure
cat. Gsocial sciencesESFR: BT1science; NT1anthropology; NT2anthropometry; NT1demography; NT1psychology; NT2attitudes; NT3acceptance; NT2behaviour; NT3misuse of facilities; NT3use of facilities; NT3vandalism; NT1sociology; rtcommunities; rteconomics; rtsocial aspects; rtsocial change; rtsocial development
cat. Gsocial stratificationESFR: ufstratification (social); BT1social structure; NT1disadvantaged groups; rtcommunity power structure; rtdominant groups
cat. Gsocial structureESFR: uforganizational structure; NT1caste; NT1community power structure; NT2community leaders; NT2dominant groups; NT2factionalism; NT1social stratification; NT2disadvantaged groups; rtcommunities; rtsocial aspects; rtsocial mobilization; rtsocial processes
sociocultural aspects: usecultural aspects
socioeconomic aspects: usesocial aspects
cat. Gsocioeconomic impactESFR: ufeconomic impact; ufsocial impact; BT1impact; rtaccess to water; rtcharges; rtcosts; rteconomics; rtenvironmental protection; rtlabour; rtlow-income communities; rtmigration; rtpayment; rtwater collection time
sociological aspects: usesocial aspects
cat. GsociologyESFR: BT1social sciences; BT2science; rtanthropology
soda ash: usesodium carbonate
cat. KsodiumESFR: BT1metals; BT2chemical elements; NT1calgon; NT1sodium carbonate; NT1sodium chloride; NT1sodium hypochlorite; NT1sodium sulphite; NT1sodium thiosulphate; rtsodium adsorption ratio
cat. Bsodium adsorption ratioESFR: BT1chemical quality; BT2water quality; rtadsorption; rtsodium
cat. Ksodium alginateESFR: BT1coagulant aids; BT2coagulants/flocculants; BT3chemicals
cat. Ksodium carbonateESFR: ufsoda ash; BT1sodium; BT2metals; BT3chemical elements; rtsoftening
cat. Ksodium chlorideESFR: BT1chlorides; BT2chlorinated compounds; BT3chemicals; BT1sodium; BT2metals; BT3chemical elements
sodium hexametaphosphate: usecalgon
cat. Ksodium hypochloriteESFR: BT1hypochlorites; BT2disinfectants; BT3chemicals; BT1sodium; BT2metals; BT3chemical elements; rtbleaching powder
sodium sulfite: usesodium sulphite
cat. Ksodium sulphiteESFR: ufsodium sulfite; BT1sodium; BT2metals; BT3chemical elements; rtdechlorination
sodium thiosulfate: usesodium thiosulphate
cat. Ksodium thiosulphateESFR: ufsodium thiosulfate; BT1sodium; BT2metals; BT3chemical elements; rtdechlorination
cat. A2softeningESFR: ufscale prevention; ufwater softening; BT1water treatment; rtcalcium phosphate; rtcalgon; rtdemineralization; rthardness; rtion exchange; rtlime; rtsodium carbonate
cat. Fsoil erosionESFR: uferosion; BT1environmental degradation; rtforestry; rtsoils
cat. Fsoil pollutionESFR: Pollution of the soil; BT1pollution; BT2environmental degradation; rtfaecal pollutants; rtgroundwater pollution; rtlandfills; rtsoils
cat. Isoil testingESFR: BT1testing; rtsoils
cat. FsoilsESFR: NT1clay soils; NT1sandy soils; rtagriculture; rtland; rtsoil erosion; rtsoil pollution; rtsoil testing
cat. Ksolar cellsESFR: ufcells (solar); ufpanels (solar); ufphotovoltaic systems; rtsolar energy
solar disinfectionESFR: useultraviolet irradiation
cat. A2solar distillationESFR: ufbrick stills; ufmexican stills; ufnight-sky radiant stills; ufpoverello stills; ufstills (solar); BT1distillation; BT2desalination; BT3demineralization; BT4wastewater treatment; BT4water treatment; rtsolar energy
cat. Ksolar energyESFR: BT1energy; BT1renewable energy; BT2energy; rtsodium sulfite; rtsolar cells; rtsolar distillation; rtsolar radiation; rtultraviolet irradiation
cat. Fsolar radiationESFR: ufradiation (solar); ufsunlight; BT1light; rtsolar energy; rtultraviolet irradiation
cat. E2solid waste recyclingESFR: BT1recycling; NT1composting; NT2bangalore method; NT2composting latrines; NT2indore process; NT1excreta treatment; NT1excreta use; NT2biogas production; NT2land application; NT3overland flow; NT3rapid infiltration; NT1garbage use; NT1solid waste treatment; NT2anaerobic digestion; NT2garbage grinding; NT2incineration; NT3sludge incineration; rtsludge use; rtsolid wastes; rtwaste pickers
cat. E2solid waste treatmentESFR: BT1solid waste recycling; BT2recycling; NT1anaerobic digestion; NT1garbage grinding; NT1incineration; NT2sludge incineration; rtphysical treatment
cat. E2solid wastesESFR: ufwastes (solid); NT1detritus; NT1industrial wastes; NT2acid rain; NT2hazardous wastes; NT3explosive wastes; NT3flammable wastes; NT3radioactive wastes; NT3toxic wastes; NT1organic wastes; NT2agricultural solid wastes; NT3animal excreta; NT4faeces; NT4urine; NT2excreta; NT3animal excreta; NT4faeces; NT4urine; NT3human excreta; NT4faeces; NT4urine; NT2garbage; NT1refuse; NT2garbage; NT2trash; rtenvironmental sanitation; rtsludge; rtsolid waste recycling
cat. Jsolomon islandsESFR: BT1oceania
cat. BsolubilityESFR: rtchemical stability; rtdissolved oxygen; rtdissolved solids
cat. JsomaliaESFR: BT1east africa; BT2africa
cat. Fsource protectionESFR: ufspring protection; BT1environmental protection; BT1water resources conservation; BT2water conservation; NT1aprons; NT1groundwater protection; rtcovering; rtspringwater; rtwater pollution control; rtwater resources management
cat. Asource selectionESFR: rtwater resources; rtwater sources; rtwater supply
cat. Jsouth africaESFR: BT1southern africa; BT2africa
cat. Jsouth americaESFR: BT1america; NT1argentina; NT1bolivia; NT1brazil; NT1chile; NT1colombia; NT1ecuador; NT1french guiana; NT1guyana; NT1paraguay; NT1peru; NT1suriname; NT1uruguay; NT1venezuela; rtlatin america
cat. Jsouth asiaESFR: BT1asia; NT1afghanistan; NT1bangladesh; NT1bhutan; NT1india; NT1iran; NT1maldives; NT1nepal; NT1pakistan; NT1sri lanka
cat. Jsouth east asiaESFR: BT1asia; NT1brunei; NT1cambodia; NT1east-timor; NT1indonesia; NT1lao pdr; NT1malaysia; NT1myanmar; NT1philippines; NT1singapore; NT1thailand; NT1timor-leste; NT1viet nam
south koreaESFR: usekorea republic
cat. Jsouthern africaESFR: BT1africa; NT1botswana; NT1lesotho; NT1madagascar; NT1malawi; NT1mauritius; NT1mozambique; NT1namibia; NT1south africa; NT1zambia; NT1zimbabwe
southern yemenES: usedemocratic yemen
soviet unionES: useussr
cat. JspainESFR: BT1europe
cat. Hspare partsESFR: ufreplacement parts; NT1pump rod guides; NT1pump rods; rtequipment; rtmaintenance; rtrepair
cat. FspirillaceaeESFR: BT1bacteria; BT2microorganisms; BT1pathogenic bacteria; BT2pathogens; NT1campylobacter; NT1spirillum
cat. FspirillumESFR: BT1spirillaceae; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens
cat. FspirochaetaESFR: This is a generic name, and should therefore not be used in a general sense, for which use SPIROCHAETALES; BT1spirochaetales; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; BT2pathogenic bacteria; BT3pathogens
spirochaetaceae: usespirochaetales
cat. FspirochaetalesESFR: ufspirochaetaceae; ufspirochetes; BT1bacteria; BT2microorganisms; BT1pathogenic bacteria; BT2pathogens; NT1borrelia; NT1cristispira; NT1leptospira; NT1spirochaeta; NT1treponema; NT2treponema pertenue; rtskin sepsis; rtulcers
spirochetesESFR: usespirochaetales
cat. E1spray aeratorsESFR: BT1aerators
spray irrigation: usesprinkler irrigation
cat. Aspray tapsESFR: BT1taps; BT2valves
spring protection: usesource protection
cat. Aspring-loaded tapsESFR: BT1self-closing taps; BT2taps; BT3valves; BT2wastage control devices
springsESFR: usespringwater
cat. AspringwaterESFR: NATURAL EMISSION of GROUNDWATER, or the WATER so produced; ufsprings; BT1water resources; BT2natural resources; BT1water sources; NT1artesian springs; NT1fissure springs; NT1thermal springs; rtaquifers; rtgroundwater; rtsource protection; rtspringwater tapping; rtwells
cat. A1springwater tappingESFR: BT1groundwater withdrawal; BT2water collection systems; rtspringwater
cat. E2sprinkler irrigationESFR: ufspray irrigation; BT1irrigation; BT2water reuse; BT3wastewater recycling; BT4recycling; BT2water use
cat. Gsquatter settlementsESFR: COMMUNITIES where permanent settlement is opposed by public authorities or landowners; BT1low-income communities; BT2communities; rtcamps; rtslums
cat. E2squatting platesESFR: BT1latrine fittings
cat. Jsri lankaESFR: ufceylon; BT1south asia; BT2asia
st eustatiusESFR: usenetherlands antilles
st kitts-nevis-anguillaESFR: usewest indies associated states
st luciaESFR: usewest indies associated states
st maartenESFR: usenetherlands antilles
st vincentESFR: usewest indies associated states
stability (biochemical): usebiochemical stability
stability (chemical): usechemical stability
stability (colloidal): usecolloidal stability
cat. E1stabilizationESFR: BT1chemical treatment; BT2wastewater treatment; BT2water treatment; NT1ph control; rtchemical stability; rtequalization; rtlime
stabilization pondsESFR: useoxidation ponds
cat. HstandardsESFR: ufnorms; NT1emission standards; NT1water quality standards; rtguidelines
standards of living: useliving conditions
standpipes: usepublic standposts
standposts: usepublic standposts
cat. FstaphylococcusESFR: BT1micrococcaceae; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; BT1pathogenic bacteria; BT2pathogens
state-of-the-art reviewsESFR: useliterature reviews
cat. HstatisticsESFR
cat. KsteelESFR: BT1construction materials; BT1pipe materials; rtiron; rtmetals
cat. A1step wellsESFR: BT1wells
stewponds: usefishponds
stills (solar)ES: usesolar distillation
stirring: usemixing
stock watering: uselivestock watering
stone (crushed): usecrushed stone
cat. Astop valvesESFR: ufstopcocks; BT1valves
stopcocks: usestop valves
storage (water): usewater storage
cat. A1storage capacityESFR: BT1capacity; rtwater storage
cat. A1storage tanksESFR: BT1tanks; BT1water storage; NT1cisterns; NT1equalization basins; rtdetention tanks; rthouse reservoirs
cat. Fstorm drainageESFR: BT1drainage; rtrainfall; rtsewers
stormwater: userainwater
stormwater runoff: userunoff
strainers: usescreens
cat. E1strainingESFR: REMOVAL of particles from liquid by use of a,or grill; ufremoval (particle); BT1suspended solids removal; BT2wastewater treatment; BT2water treatment; NT1microstraining; rtmulti-stage swirl separator; rtscreens
stratification (social)FR: usesocial stratification
stratification (thermal): usethermal stratification
stream pollution: usesurface water pollution
cat. A1streamflowESFR: BT1flow; rtflow augmentation; rtrivers
streamflow augmentationES: useflow augmentation
streamsFR: userivers
cat. FstreptococcaceaeESFR: BT1bacteria; BT2microorganisms; NT1streptococcus; NT2faecal streptococci
cat. FstreptococcusESFR: ufenterococcus; BT1pathogenic bacteria; BT2pathogens; BT1streptococcaceae; BT2bacteria; BT3microorganisms; NT1faecal streptococci
cat. FstrongyloidesESFR: ufthreadworms; BT1nematodes; BT2helminths; BT3pathogens; NT1strongyloides fuelleborni; NT1strongyloides stercoralis; rtstrongyloidiasis
cat. Fstrongyloides fuelleborniESFR: BT1strongyloides; BT2nematodes; BT3helminths; BT4pathogens
cat. Fstrongyloides stercoralisESFR: BT1strongyloides; BT2nematodes; BT3helminths; BT4pathogens
cat. FstrongyloidiasisESFR: BT1faecal-percutaneous infections; BT2faecal-disposal diseases; BT3infectious diseases; BT4diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; BT1helminthic infections; BT2parasitic infections; BT3infectious diseases; BT4diseases; BT2vector-borne diseases; BT3water-related diseases; BT4diseases; BT2water-related diseases; BT3diseases; rtstrongyloides
strychnos potatorumESFR: usenirmali seeds
studies (case): usecase studies
studies (feasibility)ES: usefeasibility studies
studies (field)ES: usefield studies
studies (pilot): usefeasibility studies
study programmes: usecurricula
cat. A1submerged intakesESFR: uftowers (valve); ufvalve towers; BT1intake works; BT2water collection systems
cat. HsubsidiesESFR: rtfinancing; rttariffs
cat. Esubsurface disposalESFR: Includes UNDERGROUND DISPOSAL at any depth; ufsubterranean disposal; ufunderground disposal; BT1on-site disposal; BT2disposal; NT1burial; NT1drainfields; NT1evapotranspiration beds; NT1infiltration; NT1injection wells; NT1leaching fields; NT1seepage beds; NT1seepage pits; NT1tile drainage; NT1trenching; rtland application; rtseptic tank effluents
cat. E2subsurface irrigationESFR: BT1irrigation; BT2water reuse; BT3wastewater recycling; BT4recycling; BT2water use
subterranean disposalES: usesubsurface disposal
subterranean storage: useunderground storage
cat. GsuburbsESFR: ufperi-urban areas; ufurban fringe; ufurban peripheries; BT1urban areas; rtperi-urban communities
cat. A1suction pumpsESFR: BT1pumps; BT2water lifting devices; NT1reciprocating pumps; NT2diaphragm pumps; NT2direct acting pumps; NT2force pumps; NT2hand pumps; NT3bucket pumps; NT3chain pumps; NT3idrc-um hand pumps; NT2hydraulic rams; NT2lift pumps
cat. JsudanESFR: BT1east africa; BT2africa
cat. Csugar industryESFR: To be used in relation to water use, water pollution or wastewater treatment; BT1industry
sulfates: usesulphates
sulfides: usesulphides
sulfur: usesulphur
sulfur dioxide: usesulphur dioxide
cat. E1sullageESFR: From sinks or baths; ufbath water; ufdishwater; ufgrey water; ufhousehold wastewater; ufkitchen wastes (liquid); BT1municipal wastewater; BT2wastewater; rtbathing practices; rtdishwashing; rtlaundry wastewater; rtsewage; rtwashing
cat. E2sullage flush latrinesESFR: BT1flush toilets; BT2latrines; BT3excreta disposal systems
cat. KsulphatesESFR: ufsulfates; BT1coagulants/flocculants; BT2chemicals; BT1sulphur; BT2nonmetals; BT3chemical elements; rthardness
cat. KsulphidesESFR: ufsulfides; BT1nonmetals; BT2chemical elements; BT1sulphur; BT2nonmetals; BT3chemical elements; NT1hydrogen sulphide; rtsulphur
cat. KsulphurESFR: ufsulfur; BT1nonmetals; BT2chemical elements; NT1sulphates; NT1sulphides; NT2hydrogen sulphide; NT1sulphur dioxide; rtsulphides; rtsulphur bacteria
cat. Fsulphur bacteriaESFR: Includes sulphur-oxidising and sulphate-reducing BACTERIA; ufbacteria (sulphur); BT1bacteria; BT2microorganisms; rtsulphur
cat. Ksulphur dioxideESFR: ufsulfur dioxide; BT1sulphur; BT2nonmetals; BT3chemical elements; rtdechlorination
sulphuretted hydrogen: usehydrogen sulphide
sunlight: usesolar radiation
supervisors: usemanagers
supply driven approachesESFR: usedemand responsive approaches
supply of water: usewater supply
cat. E2surface irrigationESFR: ufflood irrigation; BT1irrigation; BT2water reuse; BT3wastewater recycling; BT4recycling; BT2water use
surface water catchmentsES: usecatchment areas
cat. E2surface water disposalESFR: DISPOSAL of wastes in SURFACE WATERS: not the DISPOSAL of surface WATER itself; BT1off-site disposal; BT2disposal; BT1on-site disposal; BT2disposal; rtemission standards; rtsurface water pollution
surface water drains: usedrainage
cat. A1surface water intakesESFR: BT1intake works; BT2water collection systems; rtcatchment areas; rtsurface waters
cat. Fsurface water pollutionESFR: uflake pollution; ufriver pollution; ufstream pollution; BT1water pollution; BT2pollution; BT3environmental degradation; rteutrophication; rtsurface water disposal; rtsurface waters
cat. A1surface watersESFR: BT1water resources; BT2natural resources; BT1water sources; NT1canals; NT2irrigation canals; NT1estuaries; NT1lakes; NT1ponds; NT2fishponds; NT2village ponds; NT1rivers; rtgroundwater; rtimpounding reservoirs; rtrunoff; rtseawater; rtsurface water intakes; rtsurface water pollution
cat. KsurfactantsESFR: uffoaming agents; BT1detergents; BT2chemicals; rtchemical quality; rtchemicals; rtorganic compounds; rtpollutants
cat. E1surge tanksESFR: BT1tanks; rtpipelines
cat. JsurinameESFR: BT1south america; BT2america
cat. IsurveysESFR: ufgroundwater survey; ufhydrographic survey; ufphreatophyte survey; uftopographic survey; BT1information gathering; NT1baseline studies; NT1contingent valuation surveys; NT1sanitary surveys; rtaerial photography; rtfield studies; rtmapping; rtprospecting; rtremote sensing; rtwater quality; rtwater sources
cat. Bsuspended solidsESFR: BT1chemical quality; BT2water quality; rtsuspended solids removal; rtturbidity
cat. E1suspended solids removalESFR: ufremoval (suspended solids); BT1wastewater treatment; BT1water treatment; NT1straining; NT2microstraining; rtcoagulation/flocculation; rtfiltration; rtflotation; rtsedimentation; rtsuspended solids; rtturbidity removal
cat. HsustainabilityESFR: NT1sustainable development; NT2sustainable livelihoods; rtincome generation
cat. Hsustainable developmentESFR: BT1sustainability; NT1sustainable livelihoods; rtagenda 21; rtincome generation
cat. Hsustainable livelihoodsESFR: BT1sustainable development; BT2sustainability
cat. JswampsESFR: BT1wetlands; BT2physiographic features
cat. JswedenESFR: BT1europe
cat. Cswimming poolsESFR: BT1water use; rtbathing practices; rtpublic bathing facilities
swine: uselivestock
swine manure: useanimal excreta
cat. JswitzerlandESFR: BT1europe
cat. FsymptomsESFR: ufdisease symptoms; NT1cyanosis; NT1jaundice; NT1paralysis; rtdiseases; rtulcers
syndrome (weil's): useweil's disease
cat. JsyriaESFR: BT1middle east; BT2asia
cat. Isystems analysisESFR: ufanalysis (systems); BT1evaluation; rtcost benefit analysis